声振检测方法的发展*
邬冠华1, 林俊明2, 任吉林1, 周昌智2
(1. 南昌航空大学 无损检测技术教育部重点实验室，南昌 330063
2. 北京中研国辰测控技术有限公司，北京 100191)
摘要：依据激励方式的不同，本文分别从敲击检测以及声阻检测方法两个方面对声振检测方法进行了介绍。敲击检测方法主要分整体振动检测法(或车轮敲击法)和局部振动检测法(或硬币敲击法)，声阻检测法主要分机械阻抗法和局部共振检测法。声振检测方法尽管很早以前就已经出现了，但至今，主要还停留在经验性的应用层面，本文主要对各种声振检测方法的基本原理及其发展作简要论述，希望起到抛砖引玉的作用，让关注该方法发展和应用的同仁共同来推进它的技术进步。
关键词：声振检测; 敲击检测; 机械振动检测; 声阻法; 谐振法
中图分类号： 文献标识码：
Evolution of the Acoustic Impact Testing Method
Wu Guanhua1, Lin Junming2, Ren Jilin1, Zhou Changzhi2
(1. Key laboratory of NDT, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hang Kong University, Nanchang 330063
2. Beijing Echo Special Technology of NDT Co., Ltd., Beijing 100191 )
Abstract: In this paper, the acoustic impact testing method has been presented with two different excitation methods: the tap testing method and the acoustic impedance testing method. The tap testing method includes the whole vibration testing (wheel-tap test) method and the local vibration testing method (coin-tap test), and the acoustic impedance method has the mechanical impedance method and the local resonance testing method. Though the acoustic impact testing method has a long history in testing activities, most concerns of this method are only restricted in its experiential applications. Here, the principals and their developments of several branches of the acoustic impact testing method have been covered, with the main purpose to improve this old but effective method of with the help of the people who concern its development and applications.
Keywords: Acoustic impact testing; Vibration testing; Mechanical vibration testing; Acoustic impedance method; Resonance method